PHP/Utility Function/printf
Содержание
- 1 Adding the and tags so the spaces display
- 2 Demonstrating Some Type Specifiers
- 3 Displaying a real number in money format
- 4 Displaying long text with an ellipsis
- 5 Displaying signs with printf()
- 6 Displaying the same number in different formats
- 7 Example: Displaying a number in binary format
- 8 Format an integer and a floating-point value with the printf() function.
- 9 Format strings for use in printf( )
- 10 Formatting a price with printf()
- 11 int printf ( string format [, mixed argument [, mixed ...]] ) is the standard C way to format text
- 12 Left-aligned by prepending a minus symbol (-) to the field width specifier
- 13 Padding Output with the Padding Specifier
- 14 Pad with leading zeroes:
- 15 printf and format
- 16 printf() and sprintf() Formatting Types
- 17 printf and string format
- 18 printf() and Type Specifiers
- 19 @printf("Maths: %d; English: %d; History: %d; Biology: %d.\n"
- 20 printf puts the numbers into the string
- 21 printf() Type Specifiers
- 22 The printf function formats complex strings using a single expression.
- 23 Use printf to output float numbers
- 24 Using printf() to Format a List of Product Prices
- 25 When you specify a color in HTML, you combine three hexadecimal numbers between 00 and FF.
- 26 Working with printf()
- 27 Zero-padding with printf()
Adding the and
tags so the spaces display
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php
printf("Space padding can be tricky in HTML % 5d.", 42);
?>
</source>
Demonstrating Some Type Specifiers
<source lang="html4strict">
<html> <head> <title>Demonstrating Some Type Specifiers</title> </head> <body>
<?php
$number = 543;
printf("Decimal: %d
", $number );
printf("Binary: %b
", $number );
printf("Double: %f
", $number );
printf("Octal: %o
", $number );
printf("String: %s
", $number);
printf("Hex (lower): %x
", $number );
printf("Hex (upper): %X
", $number );
?>
</body> </html>
</source>
Displaying a real number in money format
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php printf("Please pay $%.2f. ", 42.4242); ?>
</source>
Displaying long text with an ellipsis
<source lang="html4strict">
<? printf(substr_replace("this is a test"," ...",5)); ?>
</source>
Displaying signs with printf()
<source lang="html4strict">
<? $min = -40; $max = 40; printf("The computer can operate between %+d and %+d degrees Celsius.", $min, $max); ?>
</source>
Displaying the same number in different formats
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php
$value=42;
printf("%d
",$value);
printf("%b
",$value);
printf("%c
",$value);
printf("%f
",$value);
printf("%o
",$value);
printf("%s
",$value);
printf("%x
",$value);
printf("%X
",$value);
?>
</source>
Example: Displaying a number in binary format
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php
printf("The computer stores the number 42 internally as %b.",42);
?>
</source>
Format an integer and a floating-point value with the printf() function.
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php $i = 123456; $f = 98765.567; printf("\$i = %x and \$i = %b\n", $i, $i); printf("\$i = %d and \$f = %f\n", $i, $f); printf("\$i = %09d and \$f = %0.2f\n", $i, $f); ?>
</source>
Format strings for use in printf( )
<source lang="html4strict">
Format Meaning
%% A literal percent character; no matching parameter is required
%b Parameter is an integer; express it as binary
%c Parameter is an integer; express it as a character with that ASCII value
%d Parameter is a positive integer; express it as decimal
%f Parameter is a float; express it as a float
%o Parameter is an integer; express it as octal
%s Parameter is a string; express it as a string
%x Parameter is an integer; express it as hexadecimal with lowercase letters
%X Parameter is an integer; express it as hexadecimal with uppercase letters <?
$number = 123;
printf("123 in binary is: %b", $number);
printf("123 in hex is: %h", $number);
printf("123 as a string is: %s", $number);
printf("%% allows you to print percent characters");
$number = 123.456;
$formatted = number_format($number, 2) . "\n";
print "Formatted number is $formatted\n";
printf("Formatted number is %.2f\n", $number);
?>
</source>
Formatting a price with printf()
<source lang="html4strict">
<? $price = 5; $tax = 0.075; printf("The dish costs $%.2f", $price * (1 + $tax)); ?>
</source>
int printf ( string format [, mixed argument [, mixed ...]] ) is the standard C way to format text
<source lang="html4strict">
<?
$animals = "lions, tigers, and bears";
printf("There were %s - oh my!", $animals);
?>
</source>
Left-aligned by prepending a minus symbol (-) to the field width specifier
<source lang="html4strict">
<?
printf ("%-20s\n", "Left aligned");
?>
</source>
Padding Output with the Padding Specifier
<source lang="html4strict">
<?
printf("%04d", 36);
?>
</source>
Pad with leading zeroes:
<source lang="html4strict">
<?
$red = 1; $green = 1; $blue = 1; printf( "#%02x%02x%02x", $red, $green, $blue);
?>
</source>
printf and format
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php printf("$%01.2f", 43.2); printf("%d beer %s", 100, "bottles"); printf("%15s", "Some text"); ?>
</source>
printf() and sprintf() Formatting Types
<source lang="html4strict">
Type Description % A literal percent character. No argument is required. b The argument is treated as an integer and presented as a binary number. c The argument is treated as an integer and presented as the character with that American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) value. d The argument is treated as an integer and presented as a (signed) decimal number. e The argument is treated as scientific notation (for example, 1.2e+2). u The argument is treated as an integer and presented as an unsigned decimal number. f The argument is treated as a float and presented as a floating-point number (locale aware). F The argument is treated as a float and presented as a floating-point number (nonlocale aware). Available since PHP 4.3.10 and PHP 5.0.3. o The argument is treated as an integer and presented as an octal number. s The argument is treated and presented as a string. x The argument is treated as an integer and presented as a hexadecimal number (with lowercase letters). X The argument is treated as an integer and presented as a hexadecimal number (with upper-case letters).
</source>
printf and string format
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php printf("The %2\$s likes to %1\$s", "bark", "dog"); // The dog likes to bark printf("The %1\$s says: %2\$s, %2\$s.", "dog", "bark"); // The dog says: bark, bar. ?>
</source>
printf() and Type Specifiers
<source lang="html4strict">
Specifier Description
d Displays an argument as a decimal number
b Displays an integer as a binary number
c Displays an integer as its ASCII equivalent
f Displays an integer as a floating-point number (double)
o Displays an integer as an octal number (base 8)
s Displays an argument as a string
x Display an integer as a lowercase hexadecimal number (base 16)
X Displays an integer as an uppercase hexadecimal number (base 16)
</source>
@printf("Maths: %d; English: %d; History: %d; Biology: %d.
\n"
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php
$scores = array(88, 75); @list($maths, $english, $history) = $scores;@printf("
Maths: %d; English: %d; History: %d; Biology: %d.
\n",$maths, $english, $history, $biology);?>
</source>
printf puts the numbers into the string
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php printf("The computer stores the numbers 42, and 256 internally as %b and %b.",42,256); ?>
</source>
printf() Type Specifiers
<source lang="html4strict">
Option Value
% A literal percent characters (takes no parameters)
b Integer represented as a binary number (for example: 101110111)
c Integer represented as the character corresponding to its ASCII value
d Integer represented as a signed integer number
u Integer represented as an unsigned number
f Floating-point value
o Integer represented as an octal value
s String value
x Integer value represented in hexadecimal notation (with lowercase characters)
X Integer value represented in hexadecimal notation (with uppercase characters)
</source>
The printf function formats complex strings using a single expression.
<source lang="html4strict">
<?php
$n = 15.32;
$log = log ($n);
printf ("log (%0.2f) = %.5f\n", $n, $log);
?>
</source>
Use printf to output float numbers
<source lang="html4strict">
$hamburger = 4.91235; $milkshake = 1.12395; $cola = .85; $food = 123.123; $tax = 1.075; $tip = 1.16; printf("%1d %9s at \$%.2f each: \$%.2f\n", 2, "Hamburger", $hamburger, 2 * $hamburger); printf("%1d %9s at \$%.2f each: \$%.2f\n", 1, "Milkshake", $milkshake, $milkshake); printf("%1d %9s at \$%.2f each: \$%.2f\n", 1, "Cola", $cola, $cola); printf("%25s: \$%.2f\n", "Food and Drink Total", $food); printf("%25s: \$%.2f\n", "Total with Tax", $food + $tax); printf("%25s: \$%.2f\n", "Total with Tax and Tip", $food + $tax + $tip);
</source>
Using printf() to Format a List of Product Prices
<source lang="html4strict">
<html> <head> <title>Using printf() to Format a List of Product Prices</title> </head> <body> <?php $products = array (
"A"=>2.4,
"B"=>4,
"C"=>80.6
);
print "";
printf ("%-20s%23s\n", "Name", "Price");
printf ("%"-43s\n", "");
foreach ( $products as $Key=>$val ) {
printf ("%-20s%20.2f\n", $Key, $val);
}
print "";
?> </body> </html>
</source>
When you specify a color in HTML, you combine three hexadecimal numbers between 00 and FF.
<source lang="html4strict">
<?
$red = 204; $green = 204; $blue = 204; printf( "#%x%x%x", $red, $green, $blue);
?>
</source>
Working with printf()
<source lang="html4strict">
<? printf ("This is my number: %d", 55); ?>
</source>
Zero-padding with printf()
<source lang="html4strict">
<? $zip = "6520"; $month = 2; $day = 6; $year = 2007; printf("ZIP is %05d and the date is %02d/%02d/%d", $zip, $month, $day, $year); ?>
</source>
