XML/XSLT stylesheet/entity

Define and use entites

File: Data.xml
<employee hireDate="09/01/1998">
  <last>A</last>
  <first>B</first>
  <salary>950</salary>
</employee>
File: Transform.xslt
<!DOCTYPE stylesheet [
<!ENTITY space "<xsl:text> </xsl:text>">
<!ENTITY cr "<xsl:text>
</xsl:text>">
]>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="1.0">
  <xsl:output method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" />
  <xsl:template match="employee">
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@hireDate" />
    &cr;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="first" />
    &space;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="last" />
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:
09/01/1998
B A

Define entity in style sheet

File: Data.xml

<winelist>
  <wine grape="Chardonnay">
    <winery>shop 1</winery>
    <product>product 1</product>
    <year>1998</year>
    <prices>
      <list>6.99</list>
      <discounted>5.99</discounted>
      <case>71.50</case>
    </prices>
  </wine>
<wine grape="Chardonnay">
  <winery>shop 2</winery>
  <product>product 2</product>
  <year>1997</year>
  <prices>
    <list>10.99</list>
    <discounted>9.50</discounted>
    <case>114.00</case>
  </prices>
</wine>
</winelist>
File: Transform.xslt
<!DOCTYPE stylesheet [
<!ENTITY space "<xsl:text> </xsl:text>">
]>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="1.0">
  <xsl:output method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" indent="no" />
  <xsl:template match="wine">
    <xsl:apply-templates select="winery" />
    &space;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="product" />
    &space;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="year" />
    &space;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@grape" />
    <xsl:if test="@grape = "Chardonnay"">
      <xsl:text>
        other Chardonnays:
      </xsl:text>
      <xsl:for-each
        select="preceding-sibling::wine[@grape = "Chardonnay"] |
                     following-sibling::wine[@grape = "Chardonnay"]">
        <xsl:sort select="winery" />
        <xsl:text>    </xsl:text>
        <xsl:value-of select="winery" />
        &space;
        <xsl:value-of select="product" />
      </xsl:for-each>
    </xsl:if>
  </xsl:template>
  
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:

  shop 1 product 1 1998 Chardonnay
        other Chardonnays:
          shop 2 product 2
shop 2 product 2 1997 Chardonnay
        other Chardonnays:
          shop 1 product 1

Output entities

File: Data.xml
<employees>
  <employee hireDate="04/23/1999">
    <last>Hill</last>
    <first>Phil</first>
    <salary>100000</salary>
  </employee>
  <employee hireDate="09/01/1998">
    <last>Herbert</last>
    <first>Johnny</first>
    <salary>95000</salary>
  </employee>
</employees>
File: Transform.xslt
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="1.0">
  <xsl:output method="text" />
  <xsl:strip-space elements="*" />
  <xsl:template match="employees">
    Last&#9;First&#9;Salary&#9;Hire Date
    ----&#9;-----&#9;------&#9;----------
    <xsl:apply-templates />
  </xsl:template>
  <xsl:template match="employee">
    <xsl:apply-templates select="last" />
    <xsl:text>&#9;</xsl:text>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="first" />
    <xsl:text>&#9;</xsl:text>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="salary" />
    <xsl:text>&#9;</xsl:text>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@hireDate" />
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:

    Last  First  Salary  Hire Date
    ----  -----  ------  ----------
    Hill  Phil  100000  04/23/1999Herbert  Johnny  95000  09/01/1998

Renerence entities

File: Data.xml
<employee hireDate="09/01/1998">
  <last>A</last>
  <first>B</first>
  <salary>9500</salary>
</employee>
File: Transform.xslt
<!DOCTYPE stylesheet [
<!ENTITY space "<xsl:text> </xsl:text>">
<!ENTITY cr "<xsl:text>
</xsl:text>">
]>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="1.0">
  <xsl:output method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" />
  <xsl:template match="employee">
    Hire Date:
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@hireDate" />
    &cr;
    Name:
    <xsl:apply-templates select="first" />
    &space;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="last" />
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:

    Hire Date:
    09/01/1998
    Name:
    B A

Use entities to wrap style sheet

File: Data.xml
<employee hireDate="09/01/1998">
  <last>A</last>
  <first>B</first>
  <salary>9500</salary>
</employee>
File: Transform.xslt
<!DOCTYPE stylesheet [
<!ENTITY space "<xsl:text> </xsl:text>">
<!ENTITY cr "<xsl:text>
</xsl:text>">
]>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="1.0">
  <xsl:output method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" />
  <xsl:template match="employee">
    <xsl:text>Hire Date: </xsl:text>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@hireDate" />
    &cr;
    <xsl:text>Name: </xsl:text>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="first" />
    &space;
    <xsl:apply-templates select="last" />
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Output:
Hire Date: 09/01/1998
Name: B A